USSR, Union of Soviet Socialistic Republics

After the rise of V.I.Lenin all secret services were dismissed. The organization of F.Dzerzinsky - CEKA (Chrezvychayna komissia). In the early years it handled the espionage and the counter services and persecuted the opponents. After some years the Frontier Ceka and Railway protection were founded. They focused on emigrants and so KRO (kontrarozvedny otdel) and a foreign operation group INO (Innostranny otdel) was needed. Later they were involved in the building of the Red army.
By the time, GRU (Glavnoye razvedyvayemoye upravlenie) was created. Except of the Second World War, they were controlled by the NKVD or the KGB. They aimed at industry and army espionage. In the year 1922 the Ceka was dismissed and reorganized into GPU (State politic management) with subordinated INO. They didn't reach the level of Ceka but they equaled the GRU. In 1923 they changed into OGPU. OGPU is considered to have improved the economical level of the state. But in their own way - they send millions of people to the work camps - gulags. In 1930 the rejoinment of the Inner affair ministries of the republics led to the creation of NKVD (People's committee for inner affairs). In 1941 they were completed by secret police NKGB. They were responsible for the disappearance of Ceka agents in all world.
The 'Smers' during the war sought and killed deserters. After the war NKVD was dismissed and was replaced by the MVD (Inner affair ministry) and MGB (State security ministry) where NKGB belonged. After Stalin's dead the mammoth joining of the two ministries and some minor institutes created the KGB. Their number of employees could compete with the army. In the 80's they began to rescue the sinking ship - USSR. In 1991, when the ship sunk, M.Gorbatchov dismissed the KGB. Later some services were created like the MSB and AFB. But their organization and people didn't change a lot.

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